Xiamen is situated on the southeast coast of Fujian Province, at the estuary of Jiulong River. It lies at 118degree 04' 04'' east longitude and 24degree 26' 46'' north latitude. At the back of Xiamen lies the Zhangzhou-Quanzhou Plain, and facing Xiamen across the Taiwan Strait are Taiwan Island and the Penghu Islands.      Xiamen City comprises Xiamen Island proper, Gulangyu (Gulang Isla d) and the coastal part of north Jiulong River. It has a land area of more than 1565.09 square kilometers and a sea area of 300 square kilometers.Because of such favourable conditions, Xiamen becomes an international seaport scenery city.

　　The island proper covers an area of 128.14 square kilometers, with a length of 13.7 kilometers from south to north and a width of 12.5 kilometers from east to west which is the fourth largest island of Fujian province. The Xiamen Habour, which is a harbour of the strait type, has a coastal line that zigzags to 234 kilometers. Many other islands scattered all along the outside of Xiamen island and hills and mountains surrounded inside this charming place.It is a natural harbor with deep water that is ice-free all the year round. Xiamen has always been an important seaport of foreign trade of southeast coast ever since the ancient times.

　　Xiamen has a subtropical climate. It is generally mild and temperate with abundant rainwater. It has an average annual temperature of approximately 21℃. Winter in Xiamen is not harsh while summer is free from extreme heat.The city has an average annual rainfall of about 1200mm, mainly concentrated on the months from May to August. Wind power measures between Grade 3 to 4 in general, with northeast wind representing the dominant wind direction. Because of the air currents resulting from the difference in temperature in the Pacific, Xiamen is affected by typhoon three to four times annually on average, which mainly comes during the months from July to September.

　　In May of 2003,authorized  by State Council, Xiamen adjusted part of administrative districts layout. Mainly content are as follows:First,Combine Siming District,Gulangyu Island and Kaiyuan District as a whole district named Siming. Original 3 districts are administrated by Siming District. Second,Xinglin District street office and Xinglin town are administrated  by Jimei District.Xinglin District is renamed as Haicang District. Third,set Xiang’an District which administrated five towns originally belong to Tong’an District,they are:Xindian,Xinyu,Maxiang,NeiCe and Daden.Currently there are six districts under the administration of Xiamen: Siming, Huli, Jimei ,Haicang,Tong'an and Xiang’an.

　　Except majority of Han Chinese in Xiamen,it also has other more than 20 different ethnic groups such as Hui,Manchu,Zhuang,She,Miao and Goashan etc. Because of geographic environment and historical background, Xiamen has lots of returned oversea Chinese and their families, and oversea Chinese with Xiamen registered permanent residence from Macao,Hongkong and Taiwan.